Pediatric Review

So we have a midterm in our "peds" class coming up. Here is a quick review with many many hyperlinks:

• Embryology and Fetal Development
• Primitive/Spinal Reflexes (Other Interesting Reflex Link)
  
• Flexor withdrawal, crossed extension, traction, moro, startle, grasp, galant
  
• Tonic/Brainstem Reflexes
• ATNR, STNR, Symmetrical tonic labyrinthine, positive supporting, associated reactions
• Screening Tests:
• Milani-Comparetti (6 mo's-2 yrs), Denver Developmental (birth-6 yrs)
• Motor Function Tests:
• TIMP, AIMS, BOT MPT
• Peabody Developmental Gross Motor Scale: Subtests: reflex, stationary, locomotion, object manipulation, grasping, visual motor integration
  
• Comprehensive Tests:
• Bayley II (BSID), HELP, Early Intervention Developmental Profile, PEDI (breaks down into self-care, mobility, and social function), WeeFIM
• Children with Down Syndrome
• Generally present with hypotonia and ligamentous laxity causing instability of joints and increase in incidence of atlantoaxial subluxation
• Torticollis
• Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury
• External Rotation and Supination are last to recover
• The NICU
• Major milestones of development (these vary by source):
• 1 mo. - prone --> supine with gravity
• 2 mo. - supine --> prone against gravity
• 2/3 mo's - head control in supine (45 degrees)
• 4/5 mo's - 90 degree head control, prop on forearms ("puppy prop")
• 5/6 mo's - roll
• 6 mo's - sit when placed
• 7 mo's - parachute response
• 8 mo's - sit by self, pivot crawl
• 10 mo's - belly crawl/creep
• 10/11 mo's - pull to stand
• 12 mo's - steps
• 12-15 mo's - walking